Interpretive Theological Researches
Qurterly

Quranic evidence for the "theory of taabbod"; review and criticism

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

hasan mohammadzadeh 1
Seyyed ziyaeddin Olyanasab 2

1 Ph.D. Student, Islamic philosophy and wisdom, Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan, Tabriz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Quran and Hadith, Hazrat Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/rtmr.2025.2071683.1103
Abstract
This research seeks to examine and criticize the Quranic evidence for the “theory of the permissibility of worshiping all religions and sects, divine and non-divine.” “Theory of taabbod” is one of the theological views and opinions of Seyyed Kamal al-Haydari, who has put forward it with the focus of decisiveness and relying on three basic principles. The first principle is that there must be a reason for choosing any religion or belief, the second principle is that the correspondence of the reason with the reality is not a condition, and the third principle is that a decisive person cannot act contrary to his reason. Seyyed Kamal al-Haydari argued with verses from the Quran to prove these three principles and concluded that worshiping religions is permissible. The main question in the present research is what are the problems and criticisms of the Quranic evidence for these three principles? By analyzing the theory of taabbod and its principles, the author has tried to explain the shortcomings and problems of the three principles and its Quranic evidence using a descriptive analytical method and from this perspective evaluate and criticize the theory of taabbod. The findings of the research indicate that none of the aforementioned principles can be absolutely defended, and the Quranic evidence cited by Kamal al-Haydari does not support the claims of the theory of taabbod.

Keywords

Kamal al-Haidari
theory of taabbod
principles
Quranic evidence
criticism and review
Interpretive Theological Researches
Volume 2, Issue 2
Autumn 2024
Pages 15-27

  • Receive Date 14 September 2025
  • Revise Date 07 October 2025
  • Accept Date 10 October 2025

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